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Jacques and Étienne Montgolfier
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![[Hot air ballon]](../images/montgolfier.gif)
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Joseph-Michel Montgolfier
August 26, 1740 - June 26, 1810
Jacque-Étienne Montgolfier
January 6, 1745 - August 2, 1799
Two of sixteen children of a prosperous French paper manufacturer, Joseph and Étienne Montgolfier mounted the first public demonstration of a hot air balloon on June 4, 1783.
They repeated the experiment on November 21, 1783, with the first manned unteathered flight travelling 9 kilometres in about 25 minutes.
Honoured by the French Académie des Sciences, they published books on aeronautics. Joseph invented a calorimeter and the hydrolic ram, and Étienne developed a process for manufacturing vellum.
Initiated: 1806, 1784
Loge des Neuf Soeurs, Paris
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Collage from miniatures on ivory, in the Musée Carnavalet, Paris.
Cited in American Mason. Andrew Boracci, ed.. Sag Harbor, NY. 1997- <aboracci@optonline.net Also see Denslow.
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